Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry
FLOW CYTOMETRY

Services

Located in the Morrison Center, the Flow Cytometry Core Facility provides the following:

Comprehensive Data Collection and Analysis

Cell Sorting

Multi-Parameter Panel Design Assistance

Education and Training in Flow Cytometry

Application Consultation


Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 am-5:00 pm or by appointment

Service Fees

Internal Users

  • Unassisted Analysis - $40/hour
  • Assisted Analysis - $70/hour
  • Sort - $60/hour
  • Sorter Set Up - $70
  • Training - $40/hour

External Users

  • Assisted Analysis - $125/hour
  • Unassisted Analysis - $110/hour
  • Sort - $115/hour
  • Sorter Set Up - $100

Usage is billed in 15 minute increments, and there is a 30 minute minimum charge for all appointments.

Policies

Cancellations/Missed Appointments– Users who have scheduled time may cancel up to 24 hours in advance of their start time. If users do not show up for a scheduled appointment, or cancel within 24 hours of the appointment, they will be billed for the scheduled amount of time.

Late Arrivals – Users will be billed for the amount of time they have reserved. If users arrive late, the billing time will start at the beginning of the scheduled appointment.

Training – All new users will participate in one or more training sessions with Core Facility staff. New users within an experienced lab may be instructed by trained personnel in the lab, but prior to being able to run samples by themselves, they will also be required to participate in a training session with Service Center staff.

After hours / Weekend Use – The Core Facility is open Monday – Friday, from 8am – 5pm. Trained users may be allowed access to the facility after hours and on weekends, after they have been given approval from the Core Facility Director. Please inform Director of any plans to work outside of normal lab hours.

Radioactive Materials – Radiolabeled samples are not permitted in the Core Facility.

Acknowledgements – Please acknowledge the Flow Cytometry Core Facility in any grant application or publication in which equipment and/or staff expertise was provided. Also, please send the Core Facility Director a copy of accepted publications containing data generated in the facility. Please reference the RRID number for each instrument used.

Biosafety – In an effort to decrease possible infection risk to Core Facility staff and lab users, we require that all samples be fixed prior to analysis. We are aware that certain applications preclude the fixing of samples. Should there be experimental reasons that your protocol is not compatible with fixation, please discuss this with Core Facility staff before running samples so appropriate handling and containment can be implemented.

Instruments

Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX LX

The CytoFLEX LX is equipped with four lasers (405, 488 561 and 638nm), and is capable of detecting FSC, SSC and 16 colors. It operates under CytExpert Software. RRID: SCR_02067

Fluorofinder Panel Builder

Beckman Coulter Cytoflex l x System
CytoFLEX LX


NanoFCM NanoAnalyzer

The NanoAnalyzer is equipped with two lasers (488 and 640nm), and is capable of detecting SSC and two colors. It operates under NF Professional Software. The system is designed to measure the size and concentration of nanoparticle samples.            RRID: SCR_025069
Beckman Coulter Cytoflex l x System
NanoAnalyzer


Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX SRT

The Core Facility’s CytoFLEX SRT is a four-laser platform (405, 488, 561 and 638nm) instrument capable of detecting FSC, SSC and 15-colors. It is the Center’s only instrument capable of sorting samples. It is able to sort up to four separate populations from the same sample, and deposit them in a variety of tubes and plates. It is stationed in a Baker BioPROTECT biosafety cabinet. It operates under CytExpert SRT Software. RRID: SCR_025068

Fluorofinder Panel Builder

CytoFLEX SRT
 

Instrument Reservations

Check the calendar below and then submit a request to use an instrument.

If you are having issues viewing this calendar, simply try to refresh the page.  If the issue persists, you may need to try another browser.

Please note: Users will be billed for the amount of time they have reserved. If users arrive late, the billing time will start at the beginning of the scheduled appointment.

Personnel

Dirk Anderson, Director
MOLR 160
Office Phone: 402-472-3129
Lab Phone: 402-472-3142
Email Dirk

Advisory Committee

Facility Advisory Group
The mission of the Facility Advisory Group is to provide guidance and feedback to the facility regarding the most effective use of its resources to meet research demands.

Amanda Ramer-Tait, PhD
Phone: (402) 472-7293
Email: aramer-tait2@unl.edu
Ramer-Tait Lab

Amy Desaulniers, PhD
Phone: 402-472-9673
Email: desaulniers@unl.edu
Desaulniers Lab

Jay Reddy, MVSc, PhD 
Phone: 402-472-8541
Email: jayreddy@unl.edu
Reddy Lab

Resources

Useful Links

NanoAnalyzer Publication List – A rapidly growing list of publications that have utilized the NanoFCM NanoAnalyzer System.

Purdue Cytometry Discussion List – Ongoing discussion platform related to a multitude of flow cytometry topics.

Fluorofinder – Experiment Design & Reagent Search Platform – After selecting “Build a Panel,” search for “University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL)” in order to use settings specific to the Service Center’s instruments.

Thermofisher Panel Builder - Tool designed by Thermofisher for designing multi-parameter flow cytometry panels.

The Daily Dongle – Archive of FlowJo related webinars and discussions. 

FlowJo YouTube Channel – Indepth video tutorials covering a wide range of FlowJo topics.

Flow Cytometry – A Basic Introduction by DeNovo Software – A useful introductory book discussing the basics of flow cytometry.

Optimized Multicolor Immunofluorescence Panels (OMIPs) – Peer-reviewed articles describing optimized multicolor panels. These are great resources to utilize when building new panels, as they show what antibodies and fluorochromes work well together for specific cell types.

Practical Flow Cytometry – By Howard Shapiro – This free download of the 4th edition of this text offers very detailed discussions related to hardware, software, and applications.

Fluorescence Spectrum Viewers

BD Fluoroscence Spectrum Viewer

Thermofisher Fluorescence Spectra Viewer

BioLegend Fluorescence Spectra Analyzer

Boilerplate Text

The Flow Cytometry Core Facility is a part of the Center for Biotechnology at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln. The Center provides users with instrumentation, support and technical service for cell sorting and analysis. The Core currently manages and maintains two analysis instruments for use, including a 4-laser/16 color Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX LX, and a 2-laser/ 2 color NanoFCM NanoAnalyzer designed to measure nanoscale particles. The cell sorter is a 4-laser/15-color Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX SRT, and it is housed in a Baker BioProtect biosafefy cabinet making it possible to sort BSL2 samples. The SRT is capable of sorting up to four populations at once, and is equipped with versatile collection device which can be used for sorting in multi-well plates or slides. The Core's Director, Dirk Anderson nearly 20 years of flow cytometry experience, in both academia and industry. Along with analysis and sorting, the Core also offers training, protocol development assistance, and data analysis. 

Publications

2023

  1. Sahoo BR, Crook AA, Pattnaik A, Torres-Gerena AD, Khalimonchuk O, Powers R, Franco R, Pattnaik AK. Redox Regulation and Metabolic Dependency of Zika Virus Replication: Inhibition by Nrf2-Antioxidant Response and NAD(H) Antimetabolites. J Virol. 2023 Jan 23:e0136322. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01363-22. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36688653.

2022

  1. Lasrado N, Borcherding N, Arumugam R, Starr TK, Reddy J. Dissecting the cellular landscape and transcriptome network in viral myocarditis by single-cell RNA sequencing. iScience. 2022 Feb 2;25(3):103865. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103865. PMID: 35243228; PMCID: PMC8861636.
  2. Han L, Jara CP, Wang O, Shi Y, Wu X, Thibivilliers S, Wóycicki RK, Carlson MA, Velander WH, Araújo EP, Libault M, Zhang C, Lei Y. Isolating and cryopreserving pig skin cells for single-cell RNA sequencing study. PLoS One. 2022 Feb 17;17(2):e0263869. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263869. PMID: 35176067; PMCID: PMC8853494.
  3. Immethun CM, Kathol M, Changa T, Saha R. Synthetic Biology Tool Development Advances Predictable Gene Expression in the Metabolically Versatile Soil Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Mar 16;10:800734. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.800734. PMID: 35372317; PMCID: PMC8966681.
  4. He X, Ma B, Chen Y, Guo J, Niu W. Genetic encoding of a nonhydrolyzable phosphotyrosine analog in mammalian cells. Chem Commun (Camb). 2022 May 12;58(39):5897-5900. doi: 10.1039/d2cc01578a. PMID: 35474127.
  5. Purohit G, Viana MP, Khalimonchuk O. Protocol for engineering and validating a synthetic mitochondrial intermembrane bridge in mammalian cells. STAR Protoc. 2022 Jun 14;3(3):101454. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101454. PMID: 35719722; PMCID: PMC9204730.
  6. Bullard BL, DeBeauchamp J, Pekarek MJ, Petro-Turnquist E, Vogel P, Webby RJ, Weaver EA. An epitope-optimized human H3N2 influenza vaccine induces broadly protective immunity in mice and ferrets. NPJ Vaccines. 2022 Jun 23;7(1):65. doi: 10.1038/s41541-022-00492-y. PMID: 35739199; PMCID: PMC9226166.
  7. Catlett JL, Carr S, Cashman M, Smith MD, Walter M, Sakkaff Z, Kelley C, Pierobon M, Cohen MB, Buan NR. Metabolic Synergy between Human Symbionts Bacteroides and Methanobrevibacter. Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Jun 29;10(3):e0106722. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01067-22. Epub 2022 May 10. PMID: 35536023; PMCID: PMC9241691.
  8. Chen Y, He X, Ma B, Liu K, Gao T, Niu W, Guo J. Noncanonical amino acid mutagenesis in response to recoding signal-enhanced quadruplet codons. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Sep 9;50(16):e94. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac474. PMID: 35657094; PMCID: PMC9458425.
  9. Pfenning-Butterworth A., Vetter R. E., Hite J. L., Natural variation in host defense strategies impacts both host and pathogen fitness. bioRxiv. 2022 Sep 23; doi.org/10.1101/2022.9.22.509093.
  10. Wang O, Han L, Lin H, Tian M, Zhang S, Duan B, Chung S, Zhang C, Lian X, Wang Y, Lei Y. Fabricating 3-dimensional human brown adipose microtissues for transplantation studies. Bioact Mater. 2022 Oct 27;22:518-534. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.022. PMID: 36330162; PMCID: PMC9619153.
  11. Cervantes-Pérez SA, Thibivilliers S, Laffont C, Farmer AD, Frugier F, Libault M. Cell-specific pathways recruited for symbiotic nodulation in the Medicago truncatula legume. Mol Plant. 2022 Dec 5;15(12):1868-1888. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.10.021. Epub 2022 Nov 1. Erratum in: Mol Plant. 2023 Jan 20;: PMID: 36321199.
  12. Chaudhari J, Leme RA, Durazo-Martinez K, Sillman S, Workman AM, Vu HLX. A Single Amino Acid Substitution in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Glycoprotein 2 Significantly Impairs Its Infectivity in Macrophages. Viruses. 2022 Dec 18;14(12):2822. doi: 10.3390/v14122822. PMID: 36560826; PMCID: PMC9781675.
  13. Rasquinha MT, Lasrado N, Sur M, Mone K, Qiu H, Riethoven JJ, Sobel RA, Reddy J. A Monovalent Mt10-CVB3 Vaccine Prevents CVB4-Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 29;11(1):76. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010076. PMID: 36679922; PMCID: PMC9864234.

2021

  1. Laport RG, Minckley RL, Pilson D. Pollinator assemblage and pollen load differences on sympatric diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of the desert-dominant Larrea tridentata. Am J Bot. 2021 Feb;108(2):297-308. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.1605. Epub 2021 Feb 12. PMID: 33580499; PMCID: PMC7986067.
  2. Feng X, Holzinger A, Permann C, Anderson D, Yin Y. Characterization of Two Zygnema Strains (Zygnema circumcarinatum SAG 698-1a and SAG 698-1b) and a Rapid Method to Estimate Nuclear Genome Size of Zygnematophycean Green Algae. Front Plant Sci. 2021 Feb 10;12:610381. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.610381. PMID: 33643345; PMCID: PMC7902510.
  3. Farmer A, Thibivilliers S, Ryu KH, Schiefelbein J, Libault M. Single-nucleus RNA and ATAC sequencing reveals the impact of chromatin accessibility on gene expression in Arabidopsis roots at the single-cell level. Mol Plant. 2021 Mar 1;14(3):372-383. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.01.001. Epub 2021 Jan 7. PMID: 33422696.
  4. Lampe AT, Farris EJ, Brown DM, Pannier AK. High- and low-molecular-weight chitosan act as adjuvants during single-dose influenza A virus protein vaccination through distinct mechanisms. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2021 Mar;118(3):1224-1243. doi: 10.1002/bit.27647. Epub 2020 Dec 16. PMID: 33289090; PMCID: PMC7897297.
  5. Wang Z, Zuo F, Liu Q, Wu X, Du Q, Lei Y, Wu Z, Lin H. Comparative Study of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells in Hydrogel-Based Culture Systems. ACS Omega. 2021 Mar 2;6(10):6942-6952. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06187. PMID: 33748608; PMCID: PMC7970572.
  6. Cheng X, Shihabudeen Haider Ali MS, Moran M, Viana MP, Schlichte SL, Zimmerman MC, Khalimonchuk O, Feinberg MW, Sun X. Long non-coding RNA Meg3 deficiency impairs glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling by inducing cellular senescence of hepatic endothelium in obesity. Redox Biol. 2021 Apr;40:101863. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101863. Epub 2021 Jan 19. PMID: 33508742; PMCID: PMC7844131.
  7. Belshan M, Holbrook A, George JW, Durant HE, Callahan M 2nd, Jaquet S, West JT, Siedlik J, Ciborowski P. Discovery of candidate HIV-1 latency biomarkers using an OMICs approach. Virology. 2021 Jun;558:86-95. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.03.003. Epub 2021 Mar 11. PMID: 33735754.
  8. Kong X, Li D, Mansouri A, Kang G, Sayood K, West J, Wood C. Bone Marrow-Derived SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells Infected with Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Display Unique Infection Phenotypes and Growth Properties. J Virol. 2021 Jun 10;95(13):e0000321. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00003-21. Epub 2021 Jun 10. PMID: 33853962; PMCID: PMC8315978.
  9. Roth HE, Bhinderwala F, Franco R, Zhou Y, Powers R. DNAJA1 Dysregulates Metabolism Promoting an Antiapoptotic Phenotype in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. J Proteome Res. 2021 Aug 6;20(8):3925-3939. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00233. Epub 2021 Jul 15. PMID: 34264680; PMCID: PMC8823314.
  10. Khanam A, Yu J, Zempleni J. Class A scavenger receptor-1/2 facilitates the uptake of bovine milk exosomes in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and C57BL/6J mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2021 Sep 1;321(3):C607-C614. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00222.2021. Epub 2021 Aug 11. PMID: 34378992; PMCID: PMC8461812.
  11. Liu B, Li X, Yu H, Shi X, Zhou Y, Alvarez S, Naldrett MJ, Kachman SD, Ro SH, Sun X, Chung S, Jing L, Yu J. Therapeutic potential of garlic chive-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory diseases. Theranostics. 2021 Sep 7;11(19):9311-9330. doi: 10.7150/thno.60265. PMID: 34646372; PMCID: PMC8490522.
  12. Wang O., Han L., Lin H., Tian M., Zhang S., Duan B., Chung S., Zhang C., Lian X., Wang Y., Lei Y. Engineered human brown adipocyte microtissues improved glucose and insulin homeostasis in high fat diet-induced obese and diabetic mice. bioRxiv. 2021 Oct 12; 10.11.463939. doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.11.463939.
  13. Chaudhari J, Liew CS, Riethoven JM, Sillman S, Vu HLX. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection Upregulates Negative Immune Regulators and T-Cell Exhaustion Markers. J Virol. 2021 Oct 13;95(21):e0105221. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01052-21. Epub 2021 Aug 11. PMID: 34379512; PMCID: PMC8513478.
  14. Noel EA, Weeks DP, Van Etten JL. Pursuit of chlorovirus genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 21;16(10):e0252696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252696. PMID: 34673785; PMCID: PMC8530361.
  15. Alsiyabi A, Brown B, Immethun C, Long D, Wilkins M, Saha R. Synergistic experimental and computational approach identifies novel strategies for polyhydroxybutyrate overproduction. Metab Eng. 2021 Nov;68:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.08.008. Epub 2021 Aug 28. PMID: 34464732.
  16. Lasrado N, Arumugam R, Rasquinha MT, Sur M, Steffen D, Reddy J. Mt10-CVB3 Vaccine Virus Protects against CVB4 Infection by Inducing Cross-Reactive, Antigen-Specific Immune Responses. Microorganisms. 2021 Nov 10;9(11):2323. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112323. PMID: 34835449; PMCID: PMC8622534.

2020

  1. Li M, Wilkins M. Flow cytometry for quantitation of polyhydroxybutyrate production by Cupriavidus necator using alkaline pretreated liquor from corn stover. Bioresour Technol. 2020 Jan;295:122254. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122254. Epub 2019 Oct 11. PMID: 31629285.
  2. Viana MP, Levytskyy RM, Anand R, Reichert AS, Khalimonchuk O. Protease OMA1 modulates mitochondrial bioenergetics and ultrastructure through dynamic association with MICOS complex. iScience. 2021 Jan 29;24(2):102119. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102119. PMID: 33644718; PMCID: PMC7892988.
  3. Montesinos-Cruz V, Rose J, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Franco R. Survival Mechanisms and Xenobiotic Susceptibility of Keratinocytes Exposed to Metal-Derived Nanoparticles. Chem Res Toxicol. 2020 Feb 17;33(2):536-552. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00398. Epub 2020 Jan 30. PMID: 31927885.
  4. Mortazavi Y, Lidenge SJ, Tran T, West JT, Wood C, Tso FY. The Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) gH/gL Complex Is the Predominant Neutralizing Antigenic Determinant in KSHV-Infected Individuals. Viruses. 2020 Feb 26;12(3):256. doi: 10.3390/v12030256. PMID: 32111001; PMCID: PMC7150787.
  5. Arumugam R, Yalaka B, Massilamany C, Haider Ali MSS, Lasrado N, Jayaraja S, Riethoven JJ, Sun X, Reddy J. An evidence for surface expression of an immunogenic epitope of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase2a on antigen-presenting cells from naive mice in the mediation of autoimmune myocarditis. Immunobiology. 2020 Mar;225(2):151896. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.12.005. Epub 2019 Dec 13. PMID: 31870642; PMCID: PMC7198334.
  6. Daharsh L., Ramer-Tait A. E., Li Q. Alterations in the gut microbiome by HIV-I infection or a high-fat diet associates with systemic immune activation and inflammation in double humanized-BLT mice. bioRxiv. 2020 Mar 18;16.993956; doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.16.993956
  7. Lasrado N, Gangaplara A, Arumugam R, Massilamany C, Pokal S, Zhou Y, Xiang SH, Steffen D, Reddy J. Identification of Immunogenic Epitopes That Permit the Detection of Antigen-Specific T Cell Responses in Multiple Serotypes of Group B Coxsackievirus Infections. Viruses. 2020 Mar 21;12(3):347. doi: 10.3390/v12030347. PMID: 32245257; PMCID: PMC7150766.
  8. Lasrado N, Yalaka B, Reddy J. Triggers of Inflammatory Heart Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Mar 24;8:192. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00192. PMID: 32266270; PMCID: PMC7105865.
  9. Brown, B., Immethun, C., Wilkins, M., Saha, R. Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 polyhydroxybutyrate production from a lignin aromatic and quantification via flow cytometry. Bioresource Technology Reports. 2020 June; 11. 100474. 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100474.
  10. Lidenge SJ, Tso FY, Mortazavi Y, Ngowi JR, Shea DM, Mwaiselage J, Wood C, West JT. Viral and Immunological Analytes are Poor Predictors of the Clinical Treatment Response in Kaposi's Sarcoma Patients. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jun 16;12(6):1594. doi: 10.3390/cancers12061594. PMID: 32560243; PMCID: PMC7352224.
  11. Gangaplara A, Massilamany C, Lasrado N, Steffen D, Reddy J. Evidence for Anti-Viral Effects of Complete Freund's Adjuvant in the Mouse Model of Enterovirus Infection. Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Jul 7;8(3):364. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030364. PMID: 32645845; PMCID: PMC7563290.
  12. Chaudhari J, Liew CS, Workman AM, Riethoven JM, Steffen D, Sillman S, Vu HLX. Host Transcriptional Response to Persistent Infection with a Live-Attenuated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain. Viruses. 2020 Jul 28;12(8):817. doi: 10.3390/v12080817. PMID: 32731586; PMCID: PMC7474429.
  13. Farmer, A., Thibivilliers, S., Ryu, K., Schiefelbein, J.,Libault, M. The impact of chromatin remodeling on gene expression at the single cell level in Arabidopsis thaliana. bioRxiv. 2020 July 28; doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.27.223156.
  14. Basavalingappa RH, Arumugam R, Lasrado N, Yalaka B, Massilamany C, Gangaplara A, Riethoven JJ, Xiang SH, Steffen D, Reddy J. Viral myocarditis involves the generation of autoreactive T cells with multiple antigen specificities that localize in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs in the mouse model of CVB3 infection. Mol Immunol. 2020 Aug;124:218-228. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.06.017. Epub 2020 Jun 29. PMID: 32615275; PMCID: PMC7363587.
  15. Lampe AT, Puniya BL, Pannier AK, Helikar T, Brown DM. Combined TLR4 and TLR9 agonists induce distinct phenotypic changes in innate immunity in vitro and in vivo. Cell Immunol. 2020 Sep;355:104149. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104149. Epub 2020 Jun 14. PMID: 32619809; PMCID: PMC7477748.
  16. Lasrado N, Jia T, Massilamany C, Franco R, Illes Z, Reddy J. Mechanisms of sex hormones in autoimmunity: focus on EAE. Biol Sex Differ. 2020 Sep 7;11(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s13293-020-00325-4. PMID: 32894183; PMCID: PMC7475723.
  17. He X, Chen Y, Beltran DG, Kelly M, Ma B, Lawrie J, Wang F, Dodds E, Zhang L, Guo J, Niu W. Functional genetic encoding of sulfotyrosine in mammalian cells. Nat Commun. 2020 Sep 24;11(1):4820. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18629-9. PMID: 32973160; PMCID: PMC7515910.
  18. He X, Chen Y, Beltran DG, Kelly M, Ma B, Lawrie J, Wang F, Dodds E, Zhang L, Guo J, Niu W. Functional genetic encoding of sulfotyrosine in mammalian cells. Nat Commun. 2020 Sep 24;11(1):4820. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18629-9. PMID: 32973160; PMCID: PMC7515910.
  19. Sahoo BR, Pattnaik A, Annamalai AS, Franco R, Pattnaik AK. Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Signaling Activation Antagonizes Autophagy To Facilitate Zika Virus Replication. J Virol. 2020 Oct 27;94(22):e01575-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01575-20. PMID: 32878890; PMCID: PMC7592218.
  20. Lasrado N, Reddy J. An overview of the immune mechanisms of viral myocarditis. Rev Med Virol. 2020 Nov;30(6):1-14. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2131. Epub 2020 Jul 28. PMID: 32720461.
  21. Thibivilliers S, Anderson D, Libault M. Isolation of Plant Root Nuclei for Single Cell RNA Sequencing. Curr Protoc Plant Biol. 2020 Dec;5(4):e20120. doi: 10.1002/cppb.20120. PMID: 33034428.

2019

  1. Lin H, Li Q, Du Q, Wang O, Wang Z, Akert L, Carlson MA, Zhang C, Subramanian A, Zhang C, Lunning M, Li M, Lei Y. Integrated generation of induced pluripotent stem cells in a low-cost device. Biomaterials. 2019 Jan;189:23-36. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.027. Epub 2018 Oct 25. PMID: 30384126.
  2. Shihabudeen Haider Ali MS, Cheng X, Moran M, Haemmig S, Naldrett MJ, Alvarez S, Feinberg MW, Sun X. LncRNA Meg3 protects endothelial function by regulating the DNA damage response. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Feb 20;47(3):1505-1522. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1190. PMID: 30476192; PMCID: PMC6379667.
  3. Wei W, Wiggins J, Hu D, Vrbanac V, Bowder D, Mellon M, Tager A, Sodroski J, Xiang SH. Blocking HIV-1 Infection by Chromosomal Integrative Expression of Human CD4 on the Surface of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. J Virol. 2019 Apr 3;93(8):e01830-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01830-18. PMID: 30728264; PMCID: PMC6450108.
  4. Raverdeau M, Christofi M, Malara A, Wilk MM, Misiak A, Kuffova L, Yu T, McGinley AM, Quinn SM, Massilamany C, Reddy J, Forrester JV, Mills KH. Retinoic acid-induced autoantigen-specific type 1 regulatory T cells suppress autoimmunity. EMBO Rep. 2019 May;20(5):e47121. doi: 10.15252/embr.201847121. Epub 2019 Mar 20. PMID: 30894405; PMCID: PMC6500997.
  5. Zhou X, Fang Y, Lesiak L, Stains CI. A Phosphinate-Containing Fluorophore Capable of Selectively Inducing Apoptosis in Cancer Cells. Chembiochem. 2019 Jul 1;20(13):1712-1716. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201800811. Epub 2019 May 3. PMID: 30753755; PMCID: PMC6663559.
  6. Daharsh L, Zhang J, Ramer-Tait A, Li Q. A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System. J Vis Exp. 2019 Aug 30;(150):10.3791/59773. doi: 10.3791/59773. PMID: 31524867; PMCID: PMC7009290.
  7. Daverey A, Levytskyy RM, Stanke KM, Viana MP, Swenson S, Hayward SL, Narasimhan M, Khalimonchuk O, Kidambi S. Depletion of mitochondrial protease OMA1 alters proliferative properties and promotes metastatic growth of breast cancer cells. Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 14;9(1):14746. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49327-2. PMID: 31611601; PMCID: PMC6791882.
  8. Sarmirova S, Borsanyiova M, Benkoova B, Pospisilova M, Arumugam R, Berakova K, Gomolcak P, Reddy J, Bopegamage S. Pancreas of coxsackievirus-infected dams and their challenged pups: A complex issue. Virulence. 2019 Dec;10(1):207-221. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1589364. PMID: 30829107; PMCID: PMC6550550.
  9. Moran M, Cheng X, Shihabudeen Haider Ali MS, Wase N, Nguyen N, Yang W, Zhang C, DiRusso C, Sun X. Transcriptome analysis-identified long noncoding RNA CRNDE in maintaining endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 20;9(1):19548. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56030-9. PMID: 31863035; PMCID: PMC6925215.

2018

  1. Krishnan B, Massilamany C, Basavalingappa RH, Gangaplara A, Rajasekaran RA, Afzal MZ, Khalilzad-Sharghi V, Zhou Y, Riethoven JJ, Nandi SS, Mishra PK, Sobel RA, Strande JL, Steffen D, Reddy J. Epitope Mapping of SERCA2a Identifies an Antigenic Determinant That Induces Mainly Atrial Myocarditis in A/J Mice. J Immunol. 2018 Jan 15;200(2):523-537. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701090. Epub 2017 Dec 11. PMID: 29229678; PMCID: PMC5760440.
  2. Li Q, Lin H, Du Q, Liu K, Wang O, Evans C, Christian H, Zhang C, Lei Y. Scalable and physiologically relevant microenvironments for human pluripotent stem cell expansion and differentiation. Biofabrication. 2018 Feb 1;10(2):025006. doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaa6b5. PMID: 29319535.
  3. Li Q, Lin H, Rauch J, Deleyrolle LP, Reynolds BA, Viljoen HJ, Zhang C, Zhang C, Gu L, Van Wyk E, Lei Y. Scalable Culturing of Primary Human Glioblastoma Tumor-Initiating Cells with a Cell-Friendly Culture System. Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 23;8(1):3531. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21927-4. PMID: 29476107; PMCID: PMC5824878.
  4. Fan W, Demers AJ, Wan Y, Li Q. Altered Ratio of T Follicular Helper Cells to T Follicular Regulatory Cells Correlates with Autoreactive Antibody Response in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques. J Immunol. 2018 May 1;200(9):3180-3187. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701288. Epub 2018 Apr 2. PMID: 29610141; PMCID: PMC6026535.
  5. Yuan Z, Kang G, Daharsh L, Fan W, Li Q. SIVcpz closely related to the ancestral HIV-1 is less or non-pathogenic to humans in a hu-BLT mouse model. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2018 Apr 4;7(1):59. doi: 10.1038/s41426-018-0062-9. PMID: 29615603; PMCID: PMC5882851.
  6. Abdel-Mohsen M, Kuri-Cervantes L, Grau-Exposito J, Spivak AM, Nell RA, Tomescu C, Vadrevu SK, Giron LB, Serra-Peinado C, Genescà M, Castellví J, Wu G, Del Rio Estrada PM, González-Navarro M, Lynn K, King CT, Vemula S, Cox K, Wan Y, Li Q, Mounzer K, Kostman J, Frank I, Paiardini M, Hazuda D, Reyes-Terán G, Richman D, Howell B, Tebas P, Martinez-Picado J, Planelles V, Buzon MJ, Betts MR, Montaner LJ. CD32 is expressed on cells with transcriptionally active HIV but does not enrich for HIV DNA in resting T cells. Sci Transl Med. 2018 Apr 18;10(437):eaar6759. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aar6759. PMID: 29669853; PMCID: PMC6282755.
  7. Lin H, Li Q, Wang O, Rauch J, Harm B, Viljoen HJ, Zhang C, Van Wyk E, Zhang C, Lei Y. Automated Expansion of Primary Human T Cells in Scalable and Cell-Friendly Hydrogel Microtubes for Adoptive Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater. 2018 Aug;7(15):e1701297. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201701297. Epub 2018 May 11. PMID: 29749707.
  8. Wan Y, Kang G, Sreenivasan C, Daharsh L, Zhang J, Fan W, Wang D, Moriyama H, Li F, Li Q. A DNA Vaccine Expressing Consensus Hemagglutinin-Esterase Fusion Protein Protected Guinea Pigs from Infection by Two Lineages of Influenza D Virus. J Virol. 2018 May 14;92(11):e00110-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00110-18. PMID: 29514906; PMCID: PMC5952138.
  9. Chen Y, Wan Y, Wang N, Yuan Z, Niu W, Li Q, Guo J. Controlling the Replication of a Genomically Recoded HIV-1 with a Functional Quadruplet Codon in Mammalian Cells. ACS Synth Biol. 2018 Jun 15;7(6):1612-1617. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00096. Epub 2018 Jun 5. PMID: 29787233; PMCID: PMC6003876.
  10. Abeyá, María & Ge, Metz & Cruz, Franco & Fa, Osorio & Mg, Echeverría & Metz, Germán. Equine arteritis virus cytopathic effect: caspase- dependent cell death as the major consequence observed. 2018 July. Volume 2 Issue 4 -2018. Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation. 6. 171-173. 10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00210.
  11. Mandal S, Kang G, Prathipati PK, Fan W, Li Q, Destache CJ. Long-acting parenteral combination antiretroviral loaded nano-drug delivery system to treat chronic HIV-1 infection: A humanized mouse model study. Antiviral Res. 2018 Aug;156:85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.06.005. Epub 2018 Jun 6. PMID: 29885378; PMCID: PMC7226910.
  12. Lin H, Du Q, Li Q, Wang O, Wang Z, Sahu N, Elowsky C, Liu K, Zhang C, Chung S, Duan B, Lei Y. A Scalable and Efficient Bioprocess for Manufacturing Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells. Stem Cell Reports. 2018 Aug 14;11(2):454-469. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.07.001. Epub 2018 Aug 2. PMID: 30078557; PMCID: PMC6092882.
  13. Beltrán J, Wamboldt Y, Sanchez R, LaBrant EW, Kundariya H, Virdi KS, Elowsky C, Mackenzie SA. Specialized Plastids Trigger Tissue-Specific Signaling for Systemic Stress Response in Plants. Plant Physiol. 2018 Oct;178(2):672-683. doi: 10.1104/pp.18.00804. Epub 2018 Aug 22. PMID: 30135097; PMCID: PMC6181059.
  14. Lin H, Du Q, Li Q, Wang O, Wang Z, Liu K, Elowsky C, Zhang C, Lei Y. Hydrogel-Based Bioprocess for Scalable Manufacturing of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Stem Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018 Sep 5;10(35):29238-29250. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b05780. Epub 2018 Aug 22. PMID: 30091584.
  15. Kittana H, Gomes-Neto JC, Heck K, Geis AL, Segura Muñoz RR, Cody LA, Schmaltz RJ, Bindels LB, Sinha R, Hostetter JM, Benson AK, Ramer-Tait AE. Commensal Escherichia coli Strains Can Promote Intestinal Inflammation via Differential Interleukin-6 Production. Front Immunol. 2018 Oct 9;9:2318. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02318. PMID: 30356663; PMCID: PMC6189283.
  16. Walker LR, Engle TB, Vu H, Tosky ER, Nonneman DJ, Smith TPL, Borza T, Burkey TE, Plastow GS, Kachman SD, Ciobanu DC. Synaptogyrin-2 influences replication of Porcine circovirus 2. PLoS Genet. 2018 Oct 31;14(10):e1007750. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007750. PMID: 30379811; PMCID: PMC6245838.
  17. Guinn ZP, Petro TM. IFN-γ synergism with poly I:C reduces growth of murine and human cancer cells with simultaneous changes in cell cycle and immune checkpoint proteins. Cancer Lett. 2018 Dec 1;438:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.003. Epub 2018 Sep 8. PMID: 30205169.
  18. Lin H, Qiu X, Du Q, Li Q, Wang O, Akert L, Wang Z, Anderson D, Liu K, Gu L, Zhang C, Lei Y. Engineered Microenvironment for Manufacturing Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Stem Cell Reports. 2019 Jan 8;12(1):84-97. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.11.009. Epub 2018 Dec 6. PMID: 30527760; PMCID: PMC6335449.
  19. Lin H , Du Q , Li Q , Wang O , Wang Z , Liu K , Akert L , Zhang C , Chung S , Duan B , Lei Y. Differentiating human pluripotent stem cells into vascular smooth muscle cells in three dimensional thermoreversible hydrogels. Biomater Sci. 2018 Dec 18;7(1):347-361. doi: 10.1039/c8bm01128a. PMID: 30483691.

2017

  1. Quispe CF, Esmael A, Sonderman O, McQuinn M, Agarkova I, Battah M, Duncan GA, Dunigan DD, Smith TPL, De Castro C, Speciale I, Ma F, Van Etten JL. Characterization of a new chlorovirus type with permissive and non-permissive features on phylogenetically related algal strains. Virology. 2017 Jan;500:103-113. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.10.013. Epub 2016 Oct 27. PMID: 27816636; PMCID: PMC5127778.
  2. Yuan Z, Kang G, Lu W, Li Q. Reactivation of HIV-1 proviruses in immune-compromised mice engrafted with human VOA-negative CD4+ T cells. J Virus Erad. 2017 Jan 1;3(1):61-65. PMID: 28275460; PMCID: PMC5337423.
  3. Massilamany C, Nandakumar R, Madayiputhiya N, Pandey S, Guda C, et al. Gender Differences in the Expression of Proteins in Autoreactive T-cells Specific to Central Nervous System Myelin Proteolipid Protein 139-151. J Autoimmune Disord 2017 Jan 13; 3: 1. doi: 10.21767/2471-8513.100030
  4. Mandal S, Prathipati PK, Kang G, Zhou Y, Yuan Z, Fan W, Li Q, Destache CJ. Tenofovir alafenamide and elvitegravir loaded nanoparticles for long-acting prevention of HIV-1 vaginal transmission. AIDS. 2017 Feb 20;31(4):469-476. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001349. Erratum in: AIDS. 2019 Jul 15;33(9):1543. PMID: 28121666; PMCID: PMC5283613.
  5. Topliff CL, Alkheraif AA, Kuszynski CA, Davis WC, Steffen DJ, Schmitz JA, Eskridge KM, Charleston B, Henningson JN, Kelling CL. Experimental acute infection of alpacas with Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 subgenotype b alters peripheral blood and GALT leukocyte subsets. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2017 Mar;29(2):186-192. doi: 10.1177/1040638717690015. Epub 2017 Feb 6. PMID: 28166712.
  6. Wang N, Yuan Z, Niu W, Li Q, Guo J. Synthetic biology approach for the development of conditionally replicating HIV-1 vaccine. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;92(3):455-462. doi: 10.1002/jctb.5174. Epub 2017 Feb 2. PMID: 28983143; PMCID: PMC5624719.
  7. Lu W, Wan Y, Ma F, Johnson RP, Li Q. Distinct transcriptome profiles of Gag-specific CD8+ T cells temporally correlated with the protection elicited by SIVΔnef live attenuated vaccine. PLoS One. 2017 Mar 23;12(3):e0173929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173929. PMID: 28333940; PMCID: PMC5363825.
  8. Smith, H., Foster, R., McKnight, D., Lisle J, Littmann S, Kuypers M, Foreman C. Microbial formation of labile organic carbon in Antarctic glacial environments. Nature Geosci 10, 356–359. 2017 Apr 3. doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2925.
  9. Alkheraif AA, Topliff CL, Reddy J, Massilamany C, Donis RO, Meyers G, Eskridge KM, Kelling CL. Type 2 BVDV Npro suppresses IFN-1 pathway signaling in bovine cells and augments BRSV replication. Virology. 2017 Jul;507:123-134. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.04.015. Epub 2017 Apr 19. PMID: 28432927.
  10. Anandhan A, Lei S, Levytskyy R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Cerny RL, Khalimonchuk O, Powers R, Franco R. Glucose Metabolism and AMPK Signaling Regulate Dopaminergic Cell Death Induced by Gene (α-Synuclein)-Environment (Paraquat) Interactions. Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Jul;54(5):3825-3842. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-9906-2. Epub 2016 Jun 20. PMID: 27324791; PMCID: PMC5173445.
  11. Basavalingappa RH, Massilamany C, Krishnan B, Gangaplara A, Rajasekaran RA, Afzal MZ, Riethoven JJ, Strande JL, Steffen D, Reddy J. β1-Adrenergic Receptor Contains Multiple IAk and IEk Binding Epitopes That Induce T Cell Responses with Varying Degrees of Autoimmune Myocarditis in A/J Mice. Front Immunol. 2017 Nov 20;8:1567. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01567. PMID: 29209317; PMCID: PMC5701947.
  12. Krishnan B, Massilamany C, Basavalingappa RH, Gangaplara A, Kang G, Li Q, Uzal FA, Strande JL, Delhon GA, Riethoven JJ, Steffen D, Reddy J. Branched chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase 111-130, a T cell epitope that induces both autoimmune myocarditis and hepatitis in A/J mice. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2017 Dec;5(4):421-434. doi: 10.1002/iid3.177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. PMID: 28597552; PMCID: PMC5691315.
  13. Gomes-Neto JC, Kittana H, Mantz S, Segura Munoz RR, Schmaltz RJ, Bindels LB, Clarke J, Hostetter JM, Benson AK, Walter J, Ramer-Tait AE. A gut pathobiont synergizes with the microbiota to instigate inflammatory disease marked by immunoreactivity against other symbionts but not itself. Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 18;7(1):17707. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18014-5. PMID: 29255158; PMCID: PMC5735134.

2016

  1. Zeng M, Smith AJ, Shang L, Wietgrefe SW, Voss JE, Carlis JV, Li Q, Piatak M Jr, Lifson JD, Johnson RP, Haase AT. Mucosal Humoral Immune Response to SIVmac239∆nef Vaccination and Vaginal Challenge. J Immunol. 2016 Mar 15;196(6):2809-18. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500156. Epub 2016 Feb 10. PMID: 26864031; PMCID: PMC4779663.
  2. Vargas-Inchaustegui DA, Demers A, Shaw JM, Kang G, Ball D, Tuero I, Musich T, Mohanram V, Demberg T, Karpova TS, Li Q, Robert-Guroff M. Vaccine Induction of Lymph Node-Resident Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Env-Specific T Follicular Helper Cells in Rhesus Macaques. J Immunol. 2016 Feb 15;196(4):1700-10. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502137. Epub 2016 Jan 15. PMID: 26773147; PMCID: PMC4744561.
  3. Destache CJ, Mandal S, Yuan Z, Kang G, Date AA, Lu W, Shibata A, Pham R, Bruck P, Rezich M, Zhou Y, Vivekanandan R, Fletcher CV, Li Q. Topical Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Nanoparticles Prevent HIV-1 Vaginal Transmission in a Humanized Mouse Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 May 23;60(6):3633-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00450-16. PMID: 27044548; PMCID: PMC4879396.
  4. Sun M, Li Y, Yuan Z, Lu W, Kang G, Fan W, Li Q. VRC01 antibody protects against vaginal and rectal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus 1 in hu-BLT mice. Arch Virol. 2016 Sep;161(9):2449-55. doi: 10.1007/s00705-016-2942-4. Epub 2016 Jun 24. PMID: 27343044; PMCID: PMC4988922.
  5. Abdulhaqq SA, Zorrilla C, Kang G, Yin X, Tamayo V, Seaton KE, Joseph J, Garced S, Tomaras GD, Linn KA, Foulkes AS, Azzoni L, VerMilyea M, Coutifaris C, Kossenkov AV, Showe L, Kraiselburd EN, Li Q, Montaner LJ. HIV-1-negative female sex workers sustain high cervical IFNɛ, low immune activation, and low expression of HIV-1-required host genes. Mucosal Immunol. 2016 Jul;9(4):1027-38. doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.116. Epub 2015 Nov 11. PMID: 26555708; PMCID: PMC4864149.
  6. Yuan Z, Kang G, Ma F, Lu W, Fan W, Fennessey CM, Keele BF, Li Q. Recapitulating Cross-Species Transmission of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVcpz to Humans by Using Humanized BLT Mice. J Virol. 2016 Aug 12;90(17):7728-39. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00860-16. PMID: 27307566; PMCID: PMC4988171.
  7. Massilamany C, Mohammed A, Loy JD, Purvis T, Krishnan B, Basavalingappa RH, Kelley CM, Guda C, Barletta RG, Moriyama EN, Smith TP, Reddy J. Whole genomic sequence analysis of Bacillus infantis: defining the genetic blueprint of strain NRRL B-14911, an emerging cardiopathogenic microbe. BMC Genomics. 2016 Aug 22;17 Suppl 7(Suppl 7):511. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2900-2. PMID: 27557119; PMCID: PMC5001198.
  8. Guinn Z, Lampe AT, Brown DM, Petro TM. Significant role for IRF3 in both T cell and APC effector functions during T cell responses. Cell Immunol. 2016 Dec;310:141-149. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.08.015. Epub 2016 Sep 4. PMID: 27641636; PMCID: PMC5125847.
  9. Navarro-Yepes J, Anandhan A, Bradley E, Bohovych I, Yarabe B, de Jong A, Ovaa H, Zhou Y, Khalimonchuk O, Quintanilla-Vega B, Franco R. Inhibition of Protein Ubiquitination by Paraquat and 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium Impairs Ubiquitin-Dependent Protein Degradation Pathways. Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Oct;53(8):5229-51. doi: 10.1007/s12035-015-9414-9. Epub 2015 Sep 26. PMID: 26409479; PMCID: PMC4842169.
  10. Basavalingappa RH, Massilamany C, Krishnan B, Gangaplara A, Kang G, Khalilzad-Sharghi V, Han Z, Othman S, Li Q, Riethoven JJ, Sobel RA, Steffen D, Reddy J. Identification of an Epitope from Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1 That Induces Inflammation in Heart in A/J Mice. Am J Pathol. 2016 Dec;186(12):3160-3175. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.08.005. PMID: 27876151; PMCID: PMC5225289.
  11. Adnan S, Reeves RK, Gillis J, Wong FE, Yu Y, Camp JV, Li Q, Connole M, Li Y, Piatak M Jr, Lifson JD, Li W, Keele BF, Kozlowski PA, Desrosiers RC, Haase AT, Johnson RP. Persistent Low-Level Replication of SIVΔnef Drives Maturation of Antibody and CD8 T Cell Responses to Induce Protective Immunity against Vaginal SIV Infection. PLoS Pathog. 2016 Dec 13;12(12):e1006104. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006104. PMID: 27959961; PMCID: PMC5189958.